Research Briefing
With reference to state openings in 2019, 2017, March 1974 and 1939, this briefing discusses the differences between a traditional state opening and one with reduced ceremonial elements.
Research Briefing
This House of Lords Library briefing covers the maiden and valedictory speeches made during the course of the 2017--2019 parliament. The first and last speeches made by a Member of the House of Lords are significant occasions and, by tradition, are marked with respect by the House.
Research Briefing
This House of Lords Library briefing provides summary data on the size and composition of the House of Lords. The information is taken from the House of Lords registry database and is correct as at 29 November 2019.
In Focus
How can the House of Commons pass laws the Lords disagrees with? The answer lies in two key pieces of legislation. The Parliament Act 1911 provided that any public bill rejected by the House of Lords could still be passed as long as three sessions over a two-year period had elapsed from its original second reading to its final third reading in the House of Commons. The Parliament Act 1949, passed 70 years ago, reduced that time period to one year and two sessions.
Research Briefing
According to the Salisbury Convention, the House of Lords gives a second reading to government bills that seek to implement manifesto commitments, does not subject manifesto bills to wrecking amendments and returns manifesto bills to the Commons in reasonable time. This House of Lords Library Briefing examines the development of the convention and looks at the debates on how it applied after the 2010 and 2017 general elections, which both produced a hung parliament.
Research Briefing
This House of Lords Library briefing lists former prime ministers who have held office since 1902, together with information on whether the individuals received a peerage after leaving the House of Commons.
Research Briefing
This House of Lords Library Briefing has been prepared to mark the 100th anniversary of the Government of India Act 1919 receiving royal assent and the role of the peer of non-European descent, Lord Sinha, in piloting the Act through the Lords.
Research Briefing
This House of Lords Library Briefing provides background information on the passing of the House of Lords Act 1999.
Research Briefing
This House of Lords Library Briefing provides background information on ethnic and religious representation in the House of Lords.
Research Briefing
This House of Lords Library Briefing has been prepared ahead of the Saturday 19 October 2019 sitting in the House of Lords to debate the UK’s withdrawal from the European Union.
Research Briefing
Prorogation is the mechanism by which parliamentary sessions are ended. This House of Lords Library briefing sets out the start and end dates of each parliamentary session since 1900, together with the number of calendar days between the end of the previous session and the start of the new one.
Research Briefing
This House of Lords Library Briefing considers committees in the House of Lords which deal with public matters.
Research Briefing
This House of Lords Library briefing provides breakdowns of life peers appointed under the Life Peerages Act 1958.
Research Briefing
This House of Lords Library briefing provides a list of the mover and seconder following each Queen’s Speech since 1997, along with each Member’s party affiliation at the time.
Research Briefing
This House of Lords Library briefing provides a list of prime ministerial resignation honours that have included the awarding of peerages.
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