• Research Briefing

    Institute for Apprenticeships and Technical Education (Transfer of Functions etc) Bill [HL]: HL Bill 38 of 2024–25

    The Institute for Apprenticeships and Technical Education (Transfer of Functions etc) Bill [HL] would abolish the IfATE and transfer its functions to the secretary of state. The government has said the bill is a necessary condition for delivering on its 2024 manifesto commitment to establish Skills England as a vehicle for driving growth and opportunity. Skills England is a new arms’ length body of the Department for Education, currently in shadow form.

  • In Focus

    Special education schools and colleges in England: Policy and challenges in the special educational needs sector

    Over 150,000 young people attend special educational needs schools or colleges in England. The special education sector is facing capacity and funding challenges, while demand for support increases. The Labour government has said it will improve inclusivity and expertise in mainstream schools, with specialist schools supporting pupils with the most complex needs. The government has added that it intends to take a considered approach, but the sector is calling for urgent action.

  • In Focus

    Independent schools: Proposed VAT changes

    In its manifesto ahead of the 2024 general election, the Labour Party stated that if elected it would remove the current exemption from VAT and business rates for independent schools. The impact of this measure has been debated; some estimate a net benefit to the government of £1.3bn to £1.5bn, while others argue it could result in a net cost.

  • In Focus

    Rural communities: Issues and support

    Rural areas and communities face a number of challenges compared to urban areas. These include transport difficulties, less choice over services, education and employment, and poor broadband or mobile phone coverage. Some surveys have suggested that many people, particularly younger people, are considering leaving rural communities as a result. This briefing summarises some of these challenges and the government policies seeking to address them.

  • Research Briefing

    Education (Values of British Citizenship) Bill [HL]: HL Bill 12 of 2024–25

    Schools are currently required to actively promote British values. These values were taken from the 2011 Prevent strategy. The Education (Values of British Citizenship) Bill [HL] would require any statement relating to British values for education purposes, made by public authorities in England and Wales, to include certain values, some of which are different from those currently set out.

  • In Focus

    Social care in England: Current situation, case for a strategy and further support for unpaid carers

    While handling record demand, the social care sector in England is facing workforce, resource and funding pressures. There are also millions of people providing unpaid care. The new Labour government has announced an intention to create a ‘National Care Service’, and to improve NHS and social care integration as part of a 10-year plan for reform.

  • In Focus

    Changes to winter fuel payments: The Social Fund Winter Fuel Payment Regulations 2024

    This briefing looks at the Social Fund Winter Fuel Payment Regulations 2024. These regulations would introduce means testing for the winter fuel payment. They are the subject of a motion by Baroness Altmann (non-affiliated) to annul them. The House of Lords Secondary Legislation Scrutiny Committee has also drawn the regulations to the special attention of the House.

  • In Focus

    Infected blood scandal: Background, impacts, inquiry outcomes and compensation

    Between 1970 and the early 1990s, over 30,000 NHS patients were given blood transfusions, or treatments made using blood products, which were contaminated with hepatitis C or HIV. Over 3,000 people have since died, and thousands more live with health conditions. The infected blood inquiry called for immediate compensation, public memorials, and for lessons to be learned in medicine, government and the civil service. In August 2024 the government set out plans for compensation.

  • In Focus

    Vaginal mesh implants: Financial compensation

    Vaginal mesh implants are used to repair damaged internal tissue. However, many women receiving these implants have experienced severe complications. In 2020, an independent review recommended establishing a compensation scheme for the women affected. The Conservative government rejected this recommendation, saying its focus would be on improving product safety. However, calls for redress have continued, with a subsequent review in 2024 also recommending the establishment of a compensation scheme.

  • In Focus

    Government plans to address children vaping

    This briefing discusses what vaping is and how many children are estimated to use e-cigarettes. It summarises how the advertising of e-cigarettes is currently regulated. It also sets out the previous government’s plans to address issues around children vaping alongside the new government’s plans to introduce legislation similar to that which fell at the end of the previous parliament.

  • In Focus

    Higher education funding

    In recent years, many universities have faced financial challenges. This has been attributed to several factors, including the impact of inflation on the real-terms value of tuition fee income from undergraduates, a dependence on international student numbers and increases in the cost of living. These challenges have led to some universities reducing their education provision and staffing allocations.

  • Research Briefing

    Holocaust Memorial Bill: HL Bill 4 of 2024–25

    The Holocaust Memorial Bill is due to have its second reading in the House of Lords on 4 September 2024. This bill seeks to make provision for expenditure on the construction and operation of a Holocaust memorial and learning centre. It would also remove restrictions on building these in Victoria Tower Gardens, next to Parliament. It is a government bill, introduced under the previous Conservative government and continued by the newly elected Labour government. The bill is a hybrid bill, meaning it applies generally but also has a particular effect on specific groups, people or places. This entails additional stages for the bill. The bill is made up of two substantive clauses. It would extend to England and Wales, and apply to England. It would come into force two months after receiving royal assent.

  • In Focus

    UK Covid-19 Inquiry report: Resilience and preparedness

    On 18 July 2024, the independent UK Covid-19 Inquiry published its first report, which focused on the UK’s pandemic resilience and preparedness. It contained 10 key recommendations. The chair of the inquiry, Baroness Heather Hallett, has urged the UK government and the governments of Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland to implement her recommendations promptly. On 3 September 2024, the House of Lords is scheduled to debate the inquiry’s report.

  • Research Briefing

    Support for Infants and Parents etc (Information) Bill [HL]: HL Bill 6 of 2024–25

    This proposed law would make it a legal requirement for English local authorities to publish information about support services such as maternity and mental health services available in their area for infants, parents or carers of infants, or prospective parents or carers. This would be known as the ‘start for life offer’.

  • In Focus

    Modern methods of construction in the housing industry

    Modern methods of construction (MMC) refers to a range of building methods that are designed to be more efficient and effective than traditional construction techniques. The House of Lords Built Environment Committee was critical of the Conservative government’s approach to MMC and called for a coherent strategy to promote MMC use in housebuilding. The new Labour government has said it will publish a new long-term housing strategy in the coming months.