This Briefing has been prepared in advance of World Intellectual Property Day on 26 April 2018. The aim of World Intellectual Property Day, which is run by the World Intellectual Property Organisation, is to increase the general understanding of intellectual property. The theme of the 2018 World Intellectual Property Day is “powering change: women in innovation and creativity”.
World Intellectual Property Day (212 KB , PDF)
The World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) defines intellectual property as “creations of the mind, such as inventions; literary and artistic works; designs; and symbols, names and images used in commerce”.
Intellectual property rights [IPRs] are protected by laws which prevent creations from being used by others, or set conditions on such use. Intellectual property protection is divided into two categories: industrial property and copyright. Industrial property includes patents for inventions, trademarks, geographical indications and industrial designs, and copyright covers a broad range of other work, including literature, films, music, artistic works and architectural design.
WIPO argues that intellectual property rights are important because the guarantee of exclusive future benefit encourages investment and innovation. However, others have argued that this is not supported by evidence; for example, the Economist has emphasised that many great inventions occurred before the advent of intellectual property rights, and contends that strengthening IPR regimes in various countries has not led to more innovation.
This Briefing provides an overview of the historical development of two strands of intellectual property law in the UK, that of copyright law and of patent law. It then provides a brief overview of statistical information regarding women and the filing of patents, and suggests further reading on the theme of women and intellectual property.
World Intellectual Property Day (212 KB , PDF)
Concerns have been raised about the state of the opera sector in England, with much of this focused on the financial pressures it is facing. Some institutions face reductions in Arts Council funding and, taken together with increasing costs, this has led to cuts in performances and concerns about the sector’s future viability. Concerns have also been raised about diversity and equality across opera, including in audiences and the workforce.
Academic research suggests that mobile phones in schools can adversely affect pupils’ educational attainment and contribute to problems such as bullying. But some experts point to potential learning benefits and argue that a blanket ban on phones could prove ineffective and counterproductive. Government guidance discourages the use of phones in schools but defers to school leaders on prohibiting their use. Most schools in England already have policies limiting the use of phones.
In February 2024 the House of Lords Communications and Digital Committee published a report on large language models and generative AI. It highlighted the opportunities and risks this technology offers, and recommended actions the government should take to support the market while mitigating risks. The new government has said it will legislate to address safety risks arising from generative AI.
