Second chambers around the world: Size and membership
In light of the UK government’s recent proposals to reform the House of Lords, this briefing presents facts and figures comparing the House of Lords with other second chambers around the world.
Wash-Up: Bills Receiving Royal Assent, 1987–2005 The purpose of this Note is to examine the passage of Bills that have received Royal Assent during the wash-up periods that preceded the last five general elections, by illustrating what stage each Bill had reached by the start of the wash-up and how it progressed through its remaining stages. It also contains a table showing Public Bills currently before parliament and the stage in the legislative process that each has reached. The inclusion of this information is not intended to imply any judgement about when the date of the 2010 general election will be announced, merely to summarise the situation at the time of writing.
Wash-Up: Bills Receiving Royal Assent, 1987–2005. LLN 2010/011 (153 KB , PDF)
Wash-Up: Bills Receiving Royal Assent, 1987–2005. LLN 2010/011 (153 KB , PDF)
In light of the UK government’s recent proposals to reform the House of Lords, this briefing presents facts and figures comparing the House of Lords with other second chambers around the world.
Former prime minister Theresa May joined the House of Lords in August 2024 after standing down as an MP ahead of the 2024 general election. This followed David Cameron being appointed in November 2023 to serve as foreign secretary. This page lists former UK prime ministers who have held office since 1902, together with information on whether the individuals later received a peerage entitling them to sit in the House of Lords.
Individual members of either House can propose legislation through private members’ bills (PMBs). But with limited time available, they rarely become law without government, and usually cross-party, support. This briefing looks at the 14 PMBs that the then government supported that fell at the end of the 2023–24 session. Government backing was identified by whether a government department had provided explanatory notes.